Clinical Disorders: Difference between revisions

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===Digoxin===
===Digoxin===
[[Image:med_digitalis.png|thumb|300px|Typical for digoxin intoxication is the oddly shaped ST-depression]]
[[Image:med_digitalis.png|thumb|300px|Typical for digoxin intoxication is the oddly shaped ST-depression]]
ECG changes typical for digoxin intoxication (digoxin = Lanoxin) are:
ECG changes typical for digoxin '''use''' (digoxin = Lanoxin) are:
*Oddly shaped ST-depression.
*Oddly shaped ST-depression with 'scooped out' appearance of the ST segment (see figure)
*T wave flat, negative or biphasic
*Flat, negative or biphasic T wave
*Short QT interval
*Short QT interval
*Increased u-wave amplitude
*Increased u-wave amplitude
*Prolonged PR-interval
*Prolonged PR-interval
*Sinus bradycardia
ECG changes typical for digoxin '''intoxication''' are:
*Bradyarrhythmias:
*Bradyarrhythmias:
**Sinus bradycardia
**AV block. Including complete AV block and Wenkebach.
**AV block. Including complete AV block and Wenkebach.
*Tachyarrhythmias:
*Tachyarrhythmias:
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Intoxication can lead to an SA-block or AV-block, sometimes in combination with  tachycardia. '''NB''' these effects are increased by hypokalemia. In extreme high concentrations rhythm disturbances (''ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation'') may develop.
Intoxication can lead to an SA-block or AV-block, sometimes in combination with  tachycardia. '''NB''' these effects are increased by hypokalemia. In extreme high concentrations rhythm disturbances (''ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, atrial fibrillation'') may develop.
{{clr}}
{{clr}}
===Antiarrhythmics===
===Antiarrhythmics===
* '''Anti-arrhythmics:''' These may lead to several ECG-changes;
* '''Anti-arrhythmics:''' These may lead to several ECG-changes;

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