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Chamber Hypertrophy and Enlargment: Difference between revisions
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Left and right ventricular hypertrophy can be distinguished on the ECG: | Left and right ventricular hypertrophy can be distinguished on the ECG: | ||
== | ==Left ventricular hypertrophy== | ||
[[Image:E_lvh.jpg|thumb]] | [[Image:E_lvh.jpg|thumb]] | ||
[[Image:left_ventrikel_hypertrofie.GIF|thumb]] | [[Image:left_ventrikel_hypertrofie.GIF|thumb]] | ||
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== | ==Right ventricular hypertrophy== | ||
[[Image:Rechter_ventrikel_hypertrofie.GIF|thumb]] | [[Image:Rechter_ventrikel_hypertrofie.GIF|thumb]] | ||
[[Image:E_rvh.jpg|thumb|Right ventricular hypertrohpy, the R wave is greater than the S wave in V1]] | [[Image:E_rvh.jpg|thumb|Right ventricular hypertrohpy, the R wave is greater than the S wave in V1]] | ||
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*Right [[heart axis]] | *Right [[heart axis]] | ||
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===Left atrial enlargement=== | |||
;Criteria for left atrial voor left atrial enlargement. Either | |||
:P wave with a broad (>0,04 sec or 1 small square) and deeply negative (>1 mm) terminal part in V1 | |||
:P wave duration >0,12 sec in laeds I and / or II | |||
[[Image:left_atrial_enlargement.jpg|thumb| Left atrial enlargement]] | |||
[[Image:LAE_2.png|thumb| Left atrial enlargement with ECG.]] | |||
[[Image:ECG_LAtrD_v1.jpg|thumb| Left atrial enlargement as seen in lead V1.]] | |||
Left atrial enlargement is often seen in mitral valve insufficiency, resulting in backflow of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium and subsequent incresed local pressure. | |||
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===Right atrial enlargement=== | |||
;Right atrial enlargement is defined as either: | |||
:P >2,5 mm in II / III and / or aVF | |||
:P >1,5 mm in V1. | |||
[[Image:right_atrial_enlargement.jpg|thumb| Right atrial enlargement]] | |||
[[Image:Rae.png|thumb| Right atrial enlargement]] | |||
Right atrial enlargement can result from increased pressure in the pulmonary artery, e.g. after pulmonary embolisation. A positive part of the biphasic p-wave in lead V1 larger than the negative part indicates right atrial enlargement. The width of the p wave does not change. | |||
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===Biatrial enlargement=== | |||
;Biatrial enlargement | |||
:Biphasic p wave in V1 of more than 0.04 sec duration. The positive initial part is > 1.5mm and the negative terminal part > 1mm | |||
In biatrial enlargement is the ECG whos signs of both left and right atrial enlargement. In V1 the p wave has large peaks first in positive and later in negative direction. | |||