191
edits
No edit summary |
|||
Line 84: | Line 84: | ||
[[Image:lead_overview.png|thumb|Overview of the seperate ECG leads. The lead with ST elevation 'highlights' the infarct. An infarction of the inferior wall will result in ST elevation in leads II, III and AVF. A lateral wall infarct results in ST elevation in leads I and AVL. An Anterior wall infarct results in ST-elevation in the precordial leads.]] | [[Image:lead_overview.png|thumb|Overview of the seperate ECG leads. The lead with ST elevation 'highlights' the infarct. An infarction of the inferior wall will result in ST elevation in leads II, III and AVF. A lateral wall infarct results in ST elevation in leads I and AVL. An Anterior wall infarct results in ST-elevation in the precordial leads.]] | ||
[[Image:stroomgebieden.png|thumb| The Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery is the most important coronary artery. On this mercatorprojection of the heart, the darkblue area is supplied by blood by the LAD.]] | [[Image:stroomgebieden.png|thumb| The Left Anterior Descending (LAD) coronary artery is the most important coronary artery. On this mercatorprojection of the heart, the darkblue area is supplied by blood by the LAD.]] | ||
The heartmuscle itself | The heartmuscle itself is very limited in its capacity to extract oxygen in the blood that is being pumped. Only the inner layers (the endocardium) profit from this oxygenrich blood. The outer layers of the heart (the epicardium) are dependent on the coronary arteries for the supply of oxygen and nutrients. With aid of an ECG, the occluded coronary can be identified. This is valuable information for the clinician, because treatment and complications of for instance an '''anterior wall infarction''' is different than those of an '''inferior wall infarction'''. The anterior wall performs the main pump function, and decay of the function of this wall will lead to decrease of bloodpressure, increase of heartrate, shock and on a longer term: heart failure. An inferior wall infarction is often accompanied with a decrease in heartrate because of involvement of the sinusnode. Longterm effects of an inferior wall infarction are usually less severe than those of an anterior wall infarction. | ||
The heart is supplied of oxygen and nutrients by the right and left coronary arteries.The left coronray artery(the '''Mainstem''' or LM, left main) divides itself in the '''left anterior descending''' artery (LAD) and the '''ramus circumflexus''' (RCX). The '''right coronary artery''' (RCA) connects to the ramus descendens posterior (RDP). With 20% of the normal population the RDP is supplied by the RCX. This called '''left dominance'''. | |||
Below you can find several different types of myocardial infarcation. | |||
Line 138: | Line 137: | ||
===Anterior wall=== | ===Anterior wall=== | ||
ECG-characteristics:<cite>Wung</cite> | ECG-characteristics:<cite>Wung</cite> | ||
ST-elevation in leads V1-V6, I | ST-elevation in leads V1-V6, I and aVL. Maximum elevation in V3, maximal depression in III | ||
later: | later: pathological Q-wave in the precordial leads V2 to V4-V5. | ||
[[Image:AMI_anterior.png|thumb| | [[Image:AMI_anterior.png|thumb| A typical example of an acute anterior wall infarction. ST elevation in leads I, AVL and V2-V5. Reciprocal depressions in the inferior leads (II,III,AVF)]] | ||
[[Image:heart_with_AL_infarct.png|thumb| | [[Image:heart_with_AL_infarct.png|thumb|Anterolateral infarct caused by occlusion of the LAD.]] | ||
[[Image:ECG_VWI_2wk.jpg|thumb| Een 2 weken oud voorwandinfarct met beginnende Q's in V2-V4 en persisterende ST elevatie, mogelijk als teken van aneurysma-vorming]] | [[Image:ECG_VWI_2wk.jpg|thumb| Een 2 weken oud voorwandinfarct met beginnende Q's in V2-V4 en persisterende ST elevatie, mogelijk als teken van aneurysma-vorming]] | ||
Omvat het voorste (anterior) deel van het hart en een deel van het kamerseptum. Wordt door de LAD van bloed voorzien. | Omvat het voorste (anterior) deel van het hart en een deel van het kamerseptum. Wordt door de LAD van bloed voorzien. |