P Wave Morphology: Difference between revisions
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|mainauthor= [[user:Drj|J.S.S.G. de Jong, MD]] | |mainauthor= [[user:Drj|J.S.S.G. de Jong, MD]], A. Bouhiouf, Msc | ||
|supervisor= | |supervisor= | ||
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|moderator= [[user:Drj|J.S.S.G. de Jong, MD]] | |moderator= [[user:Drj|J.S.S.G. de Jong, MD]] | ||
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==The Normal P wave== | |||
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The '''P wave morphology''' can reveal right or left atrial hypertrophy or atrial arrhythmias and is best determined in leads II and V1 during sinus rhythm. | |||
'''Characteristics of a normal p wave:'''<cite>Spodick</cite> | |||
Characteristics of a normal p wave:<cite>Spodick</cite> | |||
*The maximal height of the P wave is 2.5 mm in leads II and / or III | *The maximal height of the P wave is 2.5 mm in leads II and / or III | ||
*The p wave is positive in II and AVF, and | *The p wave is positive in II and AVF, and biphasic in V1 | ||
*The p wave duration is | *The p wave duration is shorter than 0.12 seconds | ||
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| |[[Image:Normaal ecg.jpg|thumb|center|300px|An example of normal sinus rhythm.]] | |||
| |[[Image:Nsr.jpg|300px|thumb|center}Another example of normal sinus rhythm.]] | |||
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==The Abnormal P wave== | |||
Elevation or depression of the [[PTa segment]] (the part between the p wave and the beginning of the QRS complex) can result from [[Ischemia#Atrial infarction| | Elevation or depression of the [[PTa segment]] (the part between the p wave and the beginning of the QRS complex) can result from [[Ischemia#Atrial infarction|atrial infarction]] or [[Clinical Disorders#Pericarditis|pericarditis]]. | ||
If the p-wave is enlarged, the [[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment#Left_atrial_enlargement|atria are enlarged]]. | If the p-wave is enlarged, the [[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment#Left_atrial_enlargement|atria are enlarged]]. | ||
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If the P wave is inverted, it is most likely an [[ectopic atrial rhythm]] not originating from the sinus node. | |||
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| | [[Image:p_wave_morphology.png|center|thumb|300px|Altered P wave morphology is seen in left or right atrial enlargement.]] | |||
| | [[Image:pta_changes.svg|thumb|center|300px|The PTa segment can be used to diagnose pericarditis or atrial infarction.]] | |||
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==References== | |||
<biblio> | <biblio> | ||
#Spodick pmid=1575201 | #Spodick pmid=1575201 | ||
</biblio> | </biblio> | ||
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[[Category:ECG Course]] | |||