4,199
edits
ECGs in Athletes: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m
no edit summary
No edit summary |
mNo edit summary |
||
| (5 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) | |||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
Prevalence of ECG abnormalities in competitive athletes has been studied by Pellicia et al.<cite>Pellicia</cite>(see table below). ECG abnormalities in their study increased with age and level of exercise. In young amateur athletes they found ECG abnormalities in about 7%, a number that rose to 40% in "adult elite athletes". Especially [[RBBB]] and [[lvh|left ventricular hypertrophy]] were often seen. | Prevalence of ECG abnormalities in competitive athletes has been studied by Pellicia et al.<cite>Pellicia</cite>(see table below). ECG abnormalities in their study increased with age and level of exercise. In young amateur athletes they found ECG abnormalities in about 7%, a number that rose to 40% in "adult elite athletes". Especially [[RBBB]] and [[lvh|left ventricular hypertrophy]] were often seen. | ||
A recent study investigated ECG and echocardiographies in male athletes of African / Afro-Caribbean origin and found frequent T wave inversions in leads V1-V4. Significant ST elevation was present in 63.2% and LVH in 23.2%.<cite>Papadakis</cite>. | |||
Recently fierce debate has been going on about whether an ECG should be part of the screening of apparently healthy young sporters. In Italy this screening is compulsory by law and this country is a strong advocate of the use of an ECG as part of this screening. However, others<cite>Chaitman</cite> have stated that costs are too high for the yield (expressed in dollars per prevented sudden cardiac death) and an ECG is not included in the screening protocol of the American Heart Association.<cite>Maron</cite><cite>Myerburg</cite> | Recently fierce debate has been going on about whether an ECG should be part of the screening of apparently healthy young sporters. In Italy this screening is compulsory by law and this country is a strong advocate of the use of an ECG as part of this screening. However, others<cite>Chaitman</cite> have stated that costs are too high for the yield (expressed in dollars per prevented sudden cardiac death) and an ECG is not included in the screening protocol of the American Heart Association.<cite>Maron</cite><cite>Myerburg</cite> | ||
| Line 193: | Line 195: | ||
*RBBB, right bundle branch block; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; LBBB, left bundle branch block.<cite>Pellicia</cite> | *RBBB, right bundle branch block; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; LBBB, left bundle branch block.<cite>Pellicia</cite> | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |||
==Classification of abnormalities of the athlete’s electrocardiogram== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;" | |||
|- | |||
|+Table 4: Classification of abnormalities of the athlete’s electrocardiogram<cite>Corrado2</cite> | |||
! Group 1: common and training-related ECG changes | |||
! Group 2: uncommon and training-unrelated ECG changes | |||
|- | |||
| style="vertical-align:top;" | | |||
<ul> | |||
<li>Sinus bradycardia</li> | |||
<li>First-degree AV block</li> | |||
<li>Incomplete [[RBBB]]</li> | |||
<li>Early repolarization</li> | |||
<li>Isolated QRS voltage criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy</li> | |||
</ul> | |||
| | |||
<ul> | |||
<li>T-wave inversion</li> | |||
<li>ST-segment depression</li> | |||
<li>Pathological Q-waves</li> | |||
<li>Left atrial enlargement</li> | |||
<li>Left-axis deviation/left anterior hemiblock</li> | |||
<li>Right-axis deviation/left posterior hemiblock</li> | |||
<li>Right ventricular hypertrophy</li> | |||
<li>Ventricular pre-excitation</li> | |||
<li>Complete [[LBBB]] or [[RBBB]]</li> | |||
<li>Long- or short-QT interval</li> | |||
<li>Brugada-like early repolarization</li> | |||
</ul> | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" font-size="80%"| | |||
RBBB, right bundle branch block; LBBB, left bundle branch block. | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 204: | Line 245: | ||
#Basavarajaiah pmid=17947213 | #Basavarajaiah pmid=17947213 | ||
#Moss pmid=17967824 | #Moss pmid=17967824 | ||
#Corrado2 pmid=19933514 | |||
#Papadakis pmid=21613263 | |||
</bilbio> | </bilbio> | ||