Clinical Disorders: Difference between revisions

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==Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy==
==Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy==
A HOCM is an autosomal dominant disorder of muscle tissue caused by defects in the genes encoding contractile proteins
A HOCM is a hereditary illness.
 
On the ECG there are signs of [[hypertrophy|left ventricular hypertrophy]] and [[P wave morphology|left atrial enlargement]].
Features
  dyspnoea, angina, syncope
  sudden death (most commonly due to ventricular arrhythmias), arrhythmias,
  heart failure
  jerky pulse, large 'a' waves, double apex beat
  ejection systolic murmur: increases with Valsalva manoeuvre and decreases on
  squatting
 
Associations
  Friedreich's ataxia
  WPW
 
ECHO
  systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the anterior mitral valve leaflet
  asymmetric hypertrophy (ASH)
  mitral regurgitation
 
ECG
  LVH
  progressive T wave inversion
  deep Q waves
  AF


==Electrolyte Disturbances==
==Electrolyte Disturbances==
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==Hypothermia==
==Hypothermia==
[[Image:osborne.png|thumb|left|250px| An Osborne J wave]]
[[Image:osborne.png|thumb|left|250px| An Osborn J wave]]
[[Image:Osborn-wave.gif|thumb|left|250px|Osborn wave.  81-year-old black male with BP 80/62 and temperature 89.5 degrees F (31.94 C).]]
<div style="float:right">
<div style="float:right">
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:osborne_ecg.jpg|A 12 lead ECG of a patient with a body temperature of 32 degrees Celsius. Note the sinus bradycardia, the prolonged QT interval (QTc is not prolonged) and the Osborne J wave, most prominently in leads V2-V5
Image:osborne_ecg.jpg|A 12 lead ECG of a patient with a body temperature of 32 degrees Celsius. Note the sinus bradycardia, the prolonged QT interval (QTc is not prolonged) and the Osborn J wave, most prominently in leads V2-V5
Image:JJ0001.jpg|An ECG of a patient with a body temperature of 28 degrees Celsius.
Image:JJ0001.jpg|An ECG of a patient with a body temperature of 28 degrees Celsius.
</gallery>
</gallery>
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* Prolonged QTc-interval
* Prolonged QTc-interval
* ST segment elevation (inferior and left precordial leads)
* ST segment elevation (inferior and left precordial leads)
* Osborne-waves (slow deflections at the end of the QRS-complex)
* Osborn-waves (slow deflections at the end of the QRS-complex)


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