Pediatric ECGs

Heart Axis

Normal heart axis valuesaha

Age	QRS Axis Normal Values	Abnormal Values	Description
Adult	-30° to 90°	<-30° -30° to -45° -45° to -90° 90° to 120° 90° to 180°	Left-axis deviation Moderate left-axis deviation Marked left-axis deviation Moderate right-axis deviation Marked right-axis deviation
8 to 16 years	0° to 120°	>120°	Right-axis deviation
5 to 8 years	0° to 140°	>140° <0°	Right-axis deviation Left-axis deviation
1 year to 5 years	5° to 100°	>100°	Right-axis deviation
1 mo to 1 y	10° to 120°	>120° <10° to -90°	Right-axis deviation Left-axis deviation
Neonate	30° to 90°	>190° to -90° <30° to <-90°	Extreme right axis deviation Left axis deviation

References

<biblio>

1. aha pmid=19228822

</biblio>