Atrial Flutter: Difference between revisions
m (New page: ===Atrial flutter=== {{Arrhythmias| | name = Atrial flutter | locatieImage = 250px | atrial_frequency = 250-350 bpm | ventricular_frequency = 75-150bpm...) |
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| example2 = Atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction. [[Image:ECG_Aflutt.jpg|250px|Atrial flutter]] | | example2 = Atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction. [[Image:ECG_Aflutt.jpg|250px|Atrial flutter]] | ||
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During atrial flutter the atria depolarize in an organized circular movement. This is caused by [[Arrhythmias#Re-entry|re-entry]]. The atria contract typically at around 300 bpm, which results in a fast sequence of p-waves in a sawtooth pattern on the ECG. For most AV-nodes this is way to fast to be able to conduct the signal to the ventricles, so typically there is a 2:1, 3:1 or 4:1 block, resulting in a ventricular frequency of 150, 100 or 75 bpm respectively. Often the grade of block changes every couple of beats, resulting in e.g. 2:1, or 3:1 blocks and a somewhat irregular ventricular heart rate. The saw-tooth is especially prominent in lead II, this lead normally shows constant electrical activity: it is never horizontal. Causes and risk of atrial flutter are comparable to atrial fibrillation. | During atrial flutter the atria depolarize in an organized circular movement. This is caused by [[Arrhythmias#Re-entry|re-entry]]. The atria contract typically at around 300 bpm, which results in a fast sequence of p-waves in a sawtooth pattern on the ECG. For most AV-nodes this is way to fast to be able to conduct the signal to the ventricles, so typically there is a 2:1, 3:1 or 4:1 block, resulting in a ventricular frequency of 150, 100 or 75 bpm respectively. Often the grade of block changes every couple of beats, resulting in e.g. 2:1, or 3:1 blocks and a somewhat irregular ventricular heart rate. The saw-tooth is especially prominent in lead II, this lead normally shows constant electrical activity: it is never horizontal. Causes and risk of atrial flutter are comparable to atrial fibrillation. | ||
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[[Category:Supraventricular Rhythms]] | |||
Revision as of 19:18, 22 July 2007
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| Atrial rate | 250-350 bpm |
| Ventricular rate | 75-150bpm (3:1 of 2:1 block) |
| Regularity | regular (sometimes changing block) |
| Origin | atrial (SVT) |
| P-wave | negative sawtooth in lead II |
| Effect of adenosine | temporary reduced AV conduction (eg 4:1) |
Example ECG: The arrows mark the flutter waves. This is an example of an alternating 2:1 and 3:1 block. 
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Example ECG2: Atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction. 
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During atrial flutter the atria depolarize in an organized circular movement. This is caused by re-entry. The atria contract typically at around 300 bpm, which results in a fast sequence of p-waves in a sawtooth pattern on the ECG. For most AV-nodes this is way to fast to be able to conduct the signal to the ventricles, so typically there is a 2:1, 3:1 or 4:1 block, resulting in a ventricular frequency of 150, 100 or 75 bpm respectively. Often the grade of block changes every couple of beats, resulting in e.g. 2:1, or 3:1 blocks and a somewhat irregular ventricular heart rate. The saw-tooth is especially prominent in lead II, this lead normally shows constant electrical activity: it is never horizontal. Causes and risk of atrial flutter are comparable to atrial fibrillation.