Sinus Node Rhythms and Arrhythmias: Difference between revisions

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[[Image:geleidingssysteem.jpg|thumb|Het geleidingssysteem zorgt voor de verspreiding van het electrisch signaal door het hart. Het normale hartritme begint in de sinusknoop en gaat dan via de AV (atrio-ventriculaire) knoop naar de bundel van His, waarna het zich splitst via de linker en rechter bundeltak.]]
[[Image:geleidingssysteem.jpg|thumb|The conducting system handels the spreading of an electrical signal through the heart. The normal sinus rhythm begins in the sinal node and goes via the AV node to the His bundle where it splits via the right and left bundle branch.]]
This part is about the normal ECG. The normal heart rhythm is sinal rhythm. That means that the rhythm has its origin in the sinal node, the heart's fastest physiological impulse generator.
This part is about the normal ECG. The normal heart rhythm is sinal rhythm. That means that the rhythm has its origin in the sinal node, the heart's fastest physiological impulse generator.


The sinus node (SA) is located in the upper part of the wall of the right atrium. When the sinus node generates an electrical signal, first the cells of the right atrium depolarise, then the cells of the left atrium, the AV (atrioventricular) node follows and at last the ventricles are stimulated via the His bundle.
The sinus node (SA) is located in the upper part of the wall of the right atrium. When the sinus node generates an electrical impulse, first the cells of the right atrium depolarise, then the cells of the left atrium, the AV (atrioventricular) node follows and at last the ventricles are stimulated via the His bundle.


With this knowledge it is quite simple to recognise sinus rhythm on the ECG.
With this knowledge it is quite simple to recognise sinus rhythm on the ECG.
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===The properties of normal sinus rhythm (see also [[Basics]]):===
===The properties of normal sinus rhythm (see also [[Basics]]):===
[[Image:QRSverklaring.jpg|thumb| Bij normaal sinusritme volgt na iedere atriale contractie (p-top) volgt een ventriculaire contractie (QRS complex).]]
[[Image:QRSverklaring.jpg|thumb| During a normal sinus rhythm, after every atrial contraction (P-top) follows a ventricular contraction (QRS complex).]]
[[Image:normalSR.jpg|thumb|Normaal sinusritme met een positieve P-top in I,II en AVF én een bifasische p-top in V1.]]
[[Image:normalSR.jpg|thumb|Normal sinus rhythm with a positive P-top in I, II and AVF, and a biphasic P-top in V1.]]
*Een p top (boezemcontractie) gaat vooraf aan het QRS complex
*A P-top (atrial contraction) [i]gaat vooraf aan[/i] the QRS complex
*Op iedere p top volgt een QRS complex
*Every P follows a QRS complex
*Het ritme is regelmatig, maar varieert licht met de ademhaling
*The rhythm is regular, but varies slightly while breathing
*De frequentie ligt tussen de 60 en 100 / minuut.
*The frequency is between 60 and 100 beats per minute
*De maximale hoogte van de p top is 2,5 mm in II en / of III
*The P-top's maximum height is 2.5mm in II and/or III
*De p top is positief in I en II, en bifasisch in V1
*The P-top is positive in I and II, and biphasic in V1




Deze laatste twee definities komen aan bod in het hoofdstukje [[p top morfologie]].
These last two definitions will be discussed in the topic [[P-top morphology]].


Hartritmes die geen sinusritme zijn komen aan bod in het hoofdstuk [[ritmestoornissen]].
Heart rhythms which are no sinus rhythm will be discussed in the topic [[rhythm disorders]].




[[Image:Normaal ecg.jpg|thumb| Een voorbeeld van een normaal ECG]]
[[Image:Normaal ecg.jpg|thumb| An example a normal ECG.]]
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Revision as of 21:42, 13 October 2006

The conducting system handels the spreading of an electrical signal through the heart. The normal sinus rhythm begins in the sinal node and goes via the AV node to the His bundle where it splits via the right and left bundle branch.

This part is about the normal ECG. The normal heart rhythm is sinal rhythm. That means that the rhythm has its origin in the sinal node, the heart's fastest physiological impulse generator.

The sinus node (SA) is located in the upper part of the wall of the right atrium. When the sinus node generates an electrical impulse, first the cells of the right atrium depolarise, then the cells of the left atrium, the AV (atrioventricular) node follows and at last the ventricles are stimulated via the His bundle.

With this knowledge it is quite simple to recognise sinus rhythm on the ECG.


The properties of normal sinus rhythm (see also Basics):

During a normal sinus rhythm, after every atrial contraction (P-top) follows a ventricular contraction (QRS complex).
Normal sinus rhythm with a positive P-top in I, II and AVF, and a biphasic P-top in V1.
  • A P-top (atrial contraction) [i]gaat vooraf aan[/i] the QRS complex
  • Every P follows a QRS complex
  • The rhythm is regular, but varies slightly while breathing
  • The frequency is between 60 and 100 beats per minute
  • The P-top's maximum height is 2.5mm in II and/or III
  • The P-top is positive in I and II, and biphasic in V1


These last two definitions will be discussed in the topic P-top morphology.

Heart rhythms which are no sinus rhythm will be discussed in the topic rhythm disorders.


An example a normal ECG.


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