Electrolyte Disorders: Difference between revisions
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===Hypercalcemia=== | |||
Hypercalcemia results in a faster repolarization. Characteristics of hypercalcemia: | |||
*mild: broad based tall peaking T waves | |||
*severe: extremely wide QRS, low R wave, disappearance of p waves, tall peaking T waves. | |||
=== | ===Hypocalcimia=== | ||
ECG-characteristics of hypocalcemia: | |||
*narrowing of the QRS complex | |||
*reduced PR interval | |||
*T wave flatteing and inversion | |||
*prolongation of the QT-interval | |||
*prominent U-wave | |||
*prolonged ST and ST-depression | |||
===Hyperkalemia=== | |||
[[Image:ecg_hyperkaliemie.jpg|thumb| Extreme hyperkalemia. No p-waves, wide QRS, tall peaking T waves.]] | |||
[[Image:ecg_hyperkaliemie2.jpg|thumb| Same patient after partial correction of the potassium level. Still no p-waves visible, wide QRS, tall peaking T waves.]]\ | |||
ECG characteristics of hyperkalemia: | |||
*Tall peaked T waves | |||
*Flattening p-waves. In extreme hyperkalemia p-waves may disappear altogether. | |||
*Prolonged depolarization leading to QRS widening | |||
At concentrations > 7.5 mmol/L atrial and [[Ventricular Fibrillation|ventricular fibrillation]] can occur. | |||
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Revision as of 07:56, 30 July 2007
Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia results in a faster repolarization. Characteristics of hypercalcemia:
- mild: broad based tall peaking T waves
- severe: extremely wide QRS, low R wave, disappearance of p waves, tall peaking T waves.
Hypocalcimia
ECG-characteristics of hypocalcemia:
- narrowing of the QRS complex
- reduced PR interval
- T wave flatteing and inversion
- prolongation of the QT-interval
- prominent U-wave
- prolonged ST and ST-depression
Hyperkalemia
\
ECG characteristics of hyperkalemia:
- Tall peaked T waves
- Flattening p-waves. In extreme hyperkalemia p-waves may disappear altogether.
- Prolonged depolarization leading to QRS widening
At concentrations > 7.5 mmol/L atrial and ventricular fibrillation can occur.
Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia is a low blood potassium level. This results in:
- ST depression and flattening of the T wave
- Negative T waves
- A U-wave may be visible