View source for ECG in Congenital Heart Disease

==Secundum atrial septal defect==
*[[Rhythm]]: normal sinus rhythm, increased risk of AF with age
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: first degree AV block in 6-19%
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: 0° to 180°; RAD; LAD in Holt-Oram or LAHB
* QRS Configuration: rSr&acute; or rsR&acute; with RBBBi&gt;RBBBc
* Atrial Enlargement: RAE 35%
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: Uncommon
*Particularities: "Crochetage" pattern

==Ventricular Septal Defect==
*[[Rhythm]]: normal sinus rhythm, PVCs
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: 
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: 
* QRS Configuration: 
* Atrial Enlargement: 
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: 
*Particularities: 

==AV canal defect==
*[[Rhythm]]: 
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: 
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: 
* QRS Configuration: 
* Atrial Enlargement: 
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: 
*Particularities: 

==Patent ductus arteriosus==
*[[Rhythm]]: 
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: 
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: 
* QRS Configuration: 
* Atrial Enlargement: 
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: 
*Particularities: 

==Pulmonary stenosis==
*[[Rhythm]]: 
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: 
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: 
* QRS Configuration: 
* Atrial Enlargement: 
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: 
*Particularities: 

==Aortic coarctation==
*[[Rhythm]]: 
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: 
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: 
* QRS Configuration: 
* Atrial Enlargement: 
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: 
*Particularities: 

==Ebstein’s anomaly==
*[[Rhythm]]: 
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: 
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: 
* QRS Configuration: 
* Atrial Enlargement: 
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: 
*Particularities: 

==Surgically repaired TOF==
*[[Rhythm]]: NSR; PVCs; IART 10%; VT 12%
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: Normal or mild &uarr;
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: Normal or RAD; LAD 5% to 10%
* QRS Configuration: RBBB 90%
* Atrial Enlargement: Peaked P waves; RAE possible
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: RVH possible if RVOT obstruction or PHT
*Particularities: QRS duration&plusmn;QTd predictive of VT/SCD

==Congenitally corrected TGA==
*[[Rhythm]]: NSR
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: 1° AVB &gt;50%; AVB 2%/year
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: LAD
* QRS Configuration: Absence septal q; Q in III, aVF, and right precordium
* Atrial Enlargement: Not if no associated defects
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: Not if no associated defects
*Particularities: Anterior AVN; positive T precordial; WPW with Ebstein’s

==Complete TGA/intra-atrial baffle==
*[[Rhythm]]: Sinus brady 60%; EAR; junctional; IART 25%
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: Normal
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: RAD
* QRS Configuration: Absence of q, small r, deep S in left precordium
* Atrial Enlargement: Possible RAE
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: RVH; diminutive LV
*Particularities: Possible AVB if VSD or TV surgery

==UVH with Fontan==
*[[Rhythm]]: Sinus brady 15%; EAR; junctional; IART &gt;50%
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: Normal in TA; 1° AVB in DILV
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: LAD in single RV, TA, single LV with noninverted outlet
* QRS Configuration: Variable; ↑R and S amplitudes in limb and precordial leads
* Atrial Enlargement: RAE in TA
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: RVH with single RV; possible LVH with single LV
*Particularities: Absent sinus node in LAI; AV block with L-loop or AVCD

==Dextrocardia==
*[[Rhythm]]: NSR; P-wave axis 105° to 165° with situs inversus
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: Normal
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: RAD
* QRS Configuration: Inverse depolarization and repolarization
* Atrial Enlargement: Not with situs inversus
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: LVH: tall R V<sub>1</sub>–V<sub>2</sub>; RVH: deep Q, small R V<sub>1</sub> and tall R right lateral
*Particularities: Situs solitus: normal P-wave axis and severe CHD

==ALCAPA==

*[[Rhythm]]: NSR
*[[Conduction|PR interval]]: Normal
*[[Heart axis|QRS axis]]: Possible LAD
* QRS Configuration: Ant-lat Q waves; possible ant-sept Q waves
* Atrial Enlargement: Possible LAE
*[[Chamber_Hypertrophy_and_Enlargment|Ventricular hypertrophy]]: Selective hypertrophy of posterobasal LV
*Particularities: Possible ischemia