Pacemaker: Difference between revisions

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* Biventricular pacemakers ('''CRT-D'''): leads in both ventricles are present to synchronize contraction. This cardiac synchronization therapy can improve symptoms and survival in some heart failure patients.  
* Biventricular pacemakers ('''CRT-D'''): leads in both ventricles are present to synchronize contraction. This cardiac synchronization therapy can improve symptoms and survival in some heart failure patients.  
* '''ICD''' (Internal Cardioversion Device): this device can detect and treat [[ventricular tachycardia]] and [[ventricular fibrillation]]. Usually the first treatment is anti-tachy pacing (pacing at a rate +- 10% above the ventricular rate in ventricular tachycardia, which can convert the rhythm to sinus rhythm). If this is not effective an defibrillator shock is delivered, usually with 16-36 Joules of energy. ICDs can save lives in patients who have a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias. All ICDs have optional pacemaker activity to treat bradycardias. New biventricular ICDs have 3 leads: an atrial lead, a left ventricular lead and a right ventricular lead.
* '''ICD''' (Internal Cardioversion Device): this device can detect and treat [[ventricular tachycardia]] and [[ventricular fibrillation]]. Usually the first treatment is anti-tachy pacing (pacing at a rate +- 10% above the ventricular rate in ventricular tachycardia, which can convert the rhythm to sinus rhythm). If this is not effective an defibrillator shock is delivered, usually with 16-36 Joules of energy. ICDs can save lives in patients who have a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias. All ICDs have optional pacemaker activity to treat bradycardias. New biventricular ICDs have 3 leads: an atrial lead, a left ventricular lead and a right ventricular lead.
===Atrial-sensed ventricular-paced rhythm===
===AV dual-paced rhythm===
===Pacemaker Malfunction===
to be filled in ...
====Failure of appropriate capture, atrial====
====Failure of appropriate capture, ventricular====
====Failure of appropriate inhibition, atrial====
====Failure of appropriate inhibition, ventricular====
====Failure of appropriate pacemaker firing====
====Retrograde atrial activation====
====Pacemaker mediated tachycardia====


==Externe Links==
==Externe Links==
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80. Atrial-sensed ventricular-paced rhythm
81. AV dual-paced rhythm
82. Failure of appropriate capture, atrial
83. Failure of appropriate capture, ventricular
84. Failure of appropriate inhibition, atrial
85. Failure of appropriate inhibition, ventricular
86. Failure of appropriate pacemaker firing
87. Retrograde atrial activation
88. Pacemaker mediated tachycardia