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P Wave Morphology: Difference between revisions
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|nextname=Step 6: QRS morphology | |nextname=Step 6: QRS morphology | ||
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|mainauthor= [[user:Drj|J.S.S.G. de Jong, MD]], A. Bouhiouf, Msc | |mainauthor= [[user:Drj|J.S.S.G. de Jong, MD]], A. Bouhiouf, Msc | ||
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[[Image:normalSR.jpg|thumb|Normal sinus rhythm with a positive p wave in leads I, II en AVF and a biphasic p wave in V1.]] | {{clr}} | ||
[[Image:p_wave_morphology.png|thumb|Altered P wave morfology is seen in left or right atrial enlargement.]] | |||
[[Image:pta_changes.svg|thumb|The PTa segment can be used to diagnose pericarditis or atrial infarction.]] | <div align="center"> | ||
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| | [[Image:normalSR.jpg|thumb|center|300px| Normal sinus rhythm with a positive p wave in leads I, II en AVF and a biphasic p wave in V1.]] | |||
| | [[Image:p_wave_morphology.png|center|thumb|300px|Altered P wave morfology is seen in left or right atrial enlargement.]] | |||
| | [[Image:pta_changes.svg|thumb|center|300px|The PTa segment can be used to diagnose pericarditis or atrial infarction.]] | |||
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The '''P wave morphology''' can reveal right or left atrial stretch or atrial arrhythmias and is best determined in leads II and V1 during sinus rhythm. | The '''P wave morphology''' can reveal right or left atrial stretch or atrial arrhythmias and is best determined in leads II and V1 during sinus rhythm. | ||
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! Characteristics of a normal p wave:<cite>Spodick</cite> | ! Characteristics of a normal p wave:<cite>Spodick</cite> | ||
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*The p wave duration is usually shorter than 0.12 seconds | *The p wave duration is usually shorter than 0.12 seconds | ||
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Elevation or depression of the [[PTa segment]] (the part between the p wave and the beginning of the QRS complex) can result from [[Ischemia#Atrial infarction|Atrial infarction]] or [[Clinical Disorders#Pericarditis|pericarditis]]. | Elevation or depression of the [[PTa segment]] (the part between the p wave and the beginning of the QRS complex) can result from [[Ischemia#Atrial infarction|Atrial infarction]] or [[Clinical Disorders#Pericarditis|pericarditis]]. | ||
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==Examples== | ==Examples== | ||
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<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
Image:Normaal ecg.jpg|An example of normal sinus rhythm. | Image:Normaal ecg.jpg|An example of normal sinus rhythm. | ||
Image:Nsr.jpg|Another example of normal sinus rhythm. | Image:Nsr.jpg|Another example of normal sinus rhythm. | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
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{{clr}} | {{clr}} | ||
{{box| | {{box| | ||