Pacemaker: Difference between revisions
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* Biventricular pacemakers ('''CRT-D'''): leads in both ventricles are present to synchronize contraction. This cardiac synchronization therapy can improve symptoms and survival in some heart failure patients. | * Biventricular pacemakers ('''CRT-D'''): leads in both ventricles are present to synchronize contraction. This cardiac synchronization therapy can improve symptoms and survival in some heart failure patients. | ||
* '''[[ICD]]''' (Internal Cardioversion Device): this device can detect and treat [[Ventricular Tachycardia]] and [[Ventricular Fibrillation]]. Usually the first treatment is anti-tachy pacing (pacing at a rate +- 10% above the ventricular rate in ventricular tachycardia, which can convert the rhythm to sinus rhythm). If this is not effective an defibrillator shock is delivered, usually with 16-36 Joules of energy. ICDs can save lives in patients who have a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias. All ICDs have optional pacemaker activity to treat bradycardias. New biventricular ICDs have 3 leads: an atrial lead, a left ventricular lead and a right ventricular lead. | * '''[[ICD]]''' (Internal Cardioversion Device): this device can detect and treat [[Ventricular Tachycardia]] and [[Ventricular Fibrillation]]. Usually the first treatment is anti-tachy pacing (pacing at a rate +- 10% above the ventricular rate in ventricular tachycardia, which can convert the rhythm to sinus rhythm). If this is not effective an defibrillator shock is delivered, usually with 16-36 Joules of energy. ICDs can save lives in patients who have a high risk of ventricular arrhythmias. All ICDs have optional pacemaker activity to treat bradycardias. New biventricular ICDs have 3 leads: an atrial lead, a left ventricular lead and a right ventricular lead. | ||
===Pacemaker Indications=== | |||
A full list of pacemaker indications can be read in the ESC guidelines on cardiac pacing <cite>Vardas</cite>. A selection of class I indications are: chronic symptomatic third- or second degree (Mobtiz I or II) atrioventricular block. Syncope with sinus node disease. Alternating bundle branch block. Persisting AV block after surgery. | |||
===ICD Indications=== | |||
===Atrial-sensed ventricular-paced rhythm=== | ===Atrial-sensed ventricular-paced rhythm=== | ||
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====Pacemaker mediated tachycardia==== | ====Pacemaker mediated tachycardia==== | ||
== | ==External Links== | ||
[http://www.hrsonline.org/swPositionStatementFiles/ps101036428.asp Heart Rhytm Society] | [http://www.hrsonline.org/swPositionStatementFiles/ps101036428.asp Heart Rhytm Society] | ||
==References== | |||
<biblio> | |||
#Vardas pmid=17726042 | |||
</biblio> | |||
</biblio> | |||
{{clr}} | {{clr}} | ||